Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn Blood Test

What is Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn?

Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is a blood disorder where a mother's antibodies attack her baby's red blood cells, causing anemia and jaundice. It is caused by blood type incompatibility between mother and baby, most commonly involving Rh factor or ABO blood groups. The Antibody Screen RBC with Reflex to Identification Titer and Antigen Typing is the most important test for diagnosis during pregnancy.

RECOMMENDED TEST Antibody Screen, RBC with Reflex to Identification, Titer, and Antigen Typing
Google reviews 505 reviews
$243 $190
What's included
Fast & easy, results by email & SMS
No extra fees paid at the lab
No need to visit a doctor
Private & confidential
No insurance needed
Results explained
Why Private MD Labs?
90-day money-back guarantee Lab order in minutes Save a trip to the doctor Low prices since 2005 Labs within 2 miles

What causes hemolytic disease of the newborn?

Hemolytic disease of the newborn is caused by blood type incompatibility between a pregnant mother and her developing baby. When the baby inherits a blood type from the father that differs from the mother's, particularly involving Rh factor (Rh-positive baby with Rh-negative mother) or ABO blood groups, the mother's immune system may recognize the baby's red blood cells as foreign and produce antibodies against them. These maternal antibodies cross the placenta and destroy the baby's red blood cells, leading to anemia, jaundice, and potentially serious complications if left untreated.

What is the best test for hemolytic disease of the newborn?

The Antibody Screen RBC with Reflex to Identification Titer and Antigen Typing is the most important test for hemolytic disease of the newborn because it detects maternal antibodies that could attack the baby's red blood cells during pregnancy. This comprehensive screening test identifies whether antibodies are present in the mother's blood, then automatically performs additional testing to identify the specific antibody type, measure antibody levels (titer), and determine antigen typing. Early detection through this test allows healthcare providers to monitor the pregnancy closely, assess the risk level to the baby, and plan appropriate interventions such as increased surveillance, early delivery, or specialized treatments to protect both mother and baby from serious complications.

When should I get tested for hemolytic disease of the newborn?

You should get tested during your first prenatal visit in early pregnancy, typically in the first trimester. All pregnant women should undergo antibody screening as part of routine prenatal care, regardless of previous pregnancy history. If you have a negative Rh blood type, had a previous pregnancy with blood type incompatibility, received a blood transfusion, or experienced bleeding during pregnancy, repeat testing may be necessary later in pregnancy. If initial antibody screening shows positive results, your healthcare provider will recommend additional testing throughout your pregnancy to monitor antibody levels and assess risk to your baby.

What are the symptoms of hemolytic disease of the newborn?
Symptoms in newborns include severe jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes), pale skin from anemia, enlarged liver and spleen, and fluid accumulation causing swelling in the body. Affected babies may appear lethargic, have difficulty feeding, or show signs of respiratory distress. In severe cases, the condition can lead to kernicterus (brain damage from high bilirubin levels), heart failure, or life-threatening complications. During pregnancy, severe cases may be detected through ultrasound showing fluid buildup in the baby's body (hydrops fetalis), though many cases show no symptoms until after birth.
Who is at risk for hemolytic disease of the newborn?
Women who are Rh-negative carrying an Rh-positive baby are at highest risk, especially if this is not their first pregnancy and they were not treated with RhoGAM in previous pregnancies. Other risk factors include previous blood transfusions, miscarriage or abortion without proper treatment, bleeding during pregnancy, and certain prenatal procedures like amniocentesis. Women with blood type O carrying babies with type A or B blood also face increased risk of ABO incompatibility. The risk increases with each subsequent pregnancy if antibodies have already formed, making early detection and preventive treatment crucial for protecting future pregnancies.
What happens if hemolytic disease of the newborn is left untreated?
Untreated hemolytic disease of the newborn can lead to severe anemia requiring emergency blood transfusions, dangerously high bilirubin levels causing permanent brain damage (kernicterus), hearing loss, and developmental delays. In severe cases, the condition can cause hydrops fetalis (fluid accumulation throughout the baby's body), heart failure, and stillbirth or neonatal death. Babies who survive without treatment may experience long-term complications including cerebral palsy, intellectual disabilities, and vision problems. Early detection through prenatal antibody screening and appropriate management significantly reduces these risks and improves outcomes for both mother and baby.
Can hemolytic disease of the newborn be diagnosed with a blood test?
Yes, hemolytic disease of the newborn risk is diagnosed through blood tests during pregnancy. The Antibody Screen RBC test detects maternal antibodies that could attack the baby's red blood cells, while follow-up testing identifies specific antibody types and measures their levels. Blood type and Rh factor testing for both parents helps predict incompatibility risk. After birth, the baby's blood tests including complete blood count (CBC), bilirubin levels, direct Coombs test, and blood type confirm the diagnosis and assess severity. Prenatal blood testing is essential for early detection and allows healthcare providers to implement preventive measures and plan appropriate delivery and neonatal care.
How is hemolytic disease of the newborn treated?
Treatment depends on severity and includes preventive RhoGAM injections for Rh-negative mothers during pregnancy and after delivery to prevent antibody formation. For affected babies, phototherapy (light therapy) treats jaundice by breaking down bilirubin, while severe cases may require exchange transfusions to replace damaged red blood cells with healthy ones. In utero blood transfusions may be necessary for critically affected babies before birth. After delivery, babies may need intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) to reduce antibody effects, supplemental oxygen for respiratory support, and close monitoring of bilirubin levels and anemia. Early delivery may be planned if the baby shows signs of severe distress during pregnancy.
How can I prevent hemolytic disease of the newborn?
Prevention centers on RhoGAM (Rh immune globulin) injections for Rh-negative mothers, given at 28 weeks of pregnancy and within 72 hours after delivery of an Rh-positive baby. RhoGAM should also be administered after miscarriage, abortion, ectopic pregnancy, amniocentesis, or any bleeding during pregnancy. Early prenatal care with routine antibody screening allows detection of risk factors before antibodies develop. If you know you are Rh-negative, inform all healthcare providers and ensure proper documentation. For subsequent pregnancies, maintaining communication with your healthcare team about previous blood type incompatibility helps ensure appropriate preventive measures are taken from the start of prenatal care.
What can I do at home for hemolytic disease of the newborn?
While hemolytic disease of the newborn requires medical treatment, you can support your baby's recovery by ensuring they feed frequently (every 2-3 hours) to promote bilirubin elimination through bowel movements. Monitor your baby for increasing jaundice, poor feeding, excessive sleepiness, or unusual crying and report these symptoms immediately to your pediatrician. If your baby is receiving phototherapy at home, follow all equipment instructions carefully and ensure proper eye protection during treatment. Keep all follow-up appointments for blood work to monitor bilirubin and hemoglobin levels. Maintaining good prenatal care during pregnancy, taking prescribed vitamins, and following your doctor's recommendations for monitoring and testing provides the best support for preventing and managing this condition.
How’s this work?
Getting your blood test with us is easy, private & backed by the power of science.

Long story short:
  1. In the test options, use the filters or search box to narrow your choices and find the test you want.
  2. If you need a hand navigating through options, text our super friendly support team at 754-799-7833, and we'll provide tailored suggestions to help you find the ideal test.
  3. Once your order is placed, we’ll create your doctor’s lab order remotely, without any need for you to make a trip to a doctor in person or to talk to the doctor. Expect to receive your doctor’s lab order right in your inbox. It will also be in your patient portal if you need to find it later. We’ll also include instructions regarding fasting and other requirements for your test. Your patient portal will be auto-created hassle-free during checkout.
  4. If this is your first time ordering, you'll be prompted to create a password for instant login access to your patient portal. It's a quick way to conveniently access your orders and results whenever you want.
  5. When you’re ready, visit one of our 4,000 locations. Just bring your ID – no printing or faxing of your lab order is needed, as your order and details will already be in the lab system.
  6. Note that most lab locations don’t accept walk-ins, so it’s best to book an appointment in advance. Don’t worry – we’ll provide detailed instructions along the way.
  7. You’ll get your results via email & SMS and dive into understanding your body better. Yup, that easy!
  8. If you have any questions, please text us at 754-799-7833 or email support@privatemdlabs.com and we'll gladly help you.
How do I know which test to get?
In the test options, find the test you want. If you’re not sure which test to get, we can lend a hand in finding the right option.

Just text or call us at 754-799-7833, email us at support@privatemdlabs.com, and we'll gladly help you. We've got your back and reply quickly.
Is it possible to make changes to my lab order if I made a mistake with the name, date of birth, or any other details?
Absolutely! We totally understand that errors can happen. No worries, we're here to help you.

Just reach out to us via text at 754-799-7833 or shoot us an email at support@privatemdlabs.com. Remember to include your order number and let us know the correct information you’d like to update. Our awesome team will jump right in and make sure everything is sorted out and accurate for you.

There are no changes necessary if your address is wrong on the requisition though. We don’t mail anything out.

Our lab requires an address to be listed to generate an order.
Do you accept health insurance?
Only HSA & FSA is accepted.

Our services are strictly self-pay and cannot be submitted to your health insurance provider except for Health Savings Accounts or Flexible Savings Accounts.

This policy applies to all insurance companies, including federal health insurance programs like Medicare.

If you have any questions, please text us at 754-799-7833 or email support@privatemdlabs.com.
Can I cancel my order?
Yes.

We get it – sometimes your needs change.

As long as your samples haven’t been collected yet, we’re happy to help you cancel your order.

If you have any further questions, please text us at 754-799-7833 or email support@privatemdlabs.com.

You can read more about our cancellation policy here.
How can I find a lab location near me?
During the ordering process, you’ll be able to select a specific lab near you, with no strings attached! You can switch it up later easily and visit any of our authorized locations as long as it’s the same lab company you selected your test for (Quest Diagnostics or Labcorp).

Before you proceed with your order, feel free to browse through all our lab locations here. This will give you the peace of mind of knowing that there's a lab nearby your home, office or your favorite gym.

If you have any questions, please text us at 754-799-7833 or email support@privatemdlabs.com and we'll gladly help you.
Here’s how easy it is to get blood work done on your terms
Choose a checkup
Order your test Save a trip to the doctor. Your results will come with clear, friendly explanations. Takes 2 minutes
Book a lab
Book an appointment Visit any of our 4,000 nearby lab locations to have your samples collected. Book or walk-in
Choose a checkup
Get results Receive a clear, easy-to-digest health report by email & SMS within a few business days. Get answers, fast

Here’s why 1,000,000+ customers chose us for affordable hassle-free private blood testing.

You get clinical lab reports & simplified health insights.
Save time & gas, go straight to the lab. Our doctors cover the rest.
Results start landing the next day after your lab visit.*
We don’t sell or share your data. Your time & privacy matter.
US-licensed doctors have your back if things get unclear.
No hidden fees, nice discounts for regular checkups.
Save a trip to the doctor, go directly to the lab
Instant orders, results often overnight*
Results explained in simple language
Reviewed by US licensed doctors
Fast & confidential, we never sell or share your data
No insurance needed, transparent pricing
Demo results
Testosterone 375 ng/dL
Demo results
Normal Optimal 400 - 1000 High
375 ng/dL

What this means

Your testosterone levels are slightly below the optimal range. While this is not necessarily cause for concern, it may contribute to occasional fatigue, reduced motivation, or lower muscle mass over time.

* Regular blood test results (e.g., CBC) typically start arriving the next business day after sample collection. More complex tests, such as hormone panels, may take up to 10–15 business days due to their complexity.

Us vs. Them

Not overhyped or overpriced. Just comprehensive blood testing made simple and for everyone.

* Regular blood test results (e.g., CBC) typically start arriving the next business day after sample collection. More complex tests, such as hormone panels, may take up to 10–15 business days due to their complexity.

1,000,000+ blood tests later, here's what our customers say

Google reviews 505 reviews Next
Antibody Screen, RBC with Reflex to Identification, Titer, and Antigen Typing
Google reviews 505 reviews
$243 $190
What's included
Fast & easy, results by email & SMS
No need to visit a doctor
Private & confidential
No insurance needed
Results explained
No extra fees paid at the lab

Sample results

Sample image
For you & your coach Health insights Written in human language, backed by science.
Sample image
For you & your doc Classic lab report A familiar and comprehensive lab report.

Ask Me Anything

Your 24/7 Personal Lab Guide

Quick questions:

Which test is right for my symptoms?
What could be causing this?
When should I get tested?
A

Hi, I'm here to make labs simple, clear, and stress-free. Not sure where to start? That's okay. Tell me what's going on and I'll guide you from there.

I can help you:

  • choose the right test
  • prepare for your lab visit
  • take the next step with confidence and more
Just now
A
Not finding what you need? Text 754-799-7833, we've got you.
We provide helpful guidance, not medical diagnoses. For medical decisions, consult a licensed professional.