Question 1

What is Autoimmune Thyroid Disease?

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune thyroid disease is a condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, leading to Hashimoto's thyroiditis or Graves' disease. It is caused by antibodies targeting thyroid tissue, including thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO) and thyroglobulin antibodies. The Parietal Cell Antibody ELISA is an essential test for diagnosis because it detects broader autoimmune activity often present alongside thyroid antibodies.

Question 2

What causes autoimmune thyroid disease?

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune thyroid disease is caused by the immune system producing antibodies that attack the thyroid gland. These antibodies include thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO), thyroglobulin antibodies, and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI). The exact trigger for this immune response is not fully understood, but genetic factors, environmental influences, hormonal changes, and certain infections may contribute to the development of these conditions. Women are more likely to develop autoimmune thyroid disease than men, and it often runs in families with a history of autoimmune disorders.

Question 3

What is the best test for autoimmune thyroid disease?

Accepted Answer

The Parietal Cell Antibody ELISA is an essential test for autoimmune thyroid disease because it detects antibodies against parietal cells in the stomach, which are frequently found in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease. This test helps identify the broader autoimmune process affecting multiple organ systems beyond just the thyroid. Additionally, thyroid antibody tests measuring TPO antibodies and thyroglobulin antibodies are important for confirming thyroid-specific autoimmune activity. Testing for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4, and free T3 levels provides a complete picture of thyroid function and helps determine whether the autoimmune attack is causing hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.

Question 4

When should I get tested for autoimmune thyroid disease?

Accepted Answer

You should get tested if you experience unexplained weight changes, persistent fatigue, hair loss, temperature sensitivity, mood changes like anxiety or depression, or irregular menstrual periods. Testing is particularly important if you have a family history of thyroid disease or other autoimmune conditions, or if you notice a visible goiter or swelling in your neck. Early detection through blood testing allows for timely treatment to manage symptoms and prevent complications like heart problems or severe metabolic imbalances.

Question 5

What are the symptoms of autoimmune thyroid disease?

Accepted Answer

Symptoms vary depending on whether the condition causes an underactive thyroid (Hashimoto's) or overactive thyroid (Graves' disease). Hashimoto's symptoms include fatigue, weight gain, cold sensitivity, dry skin, constipation, depression, and brain fog. Graves' disease symptoms include weight loss, rapid heartbeat, heat sensitivity, anxiety, tremors, bulging eyes, and difficulty sleeping. Both conditions can cause a goiter (enlarged thyroid), hair loss, muscle weakness, and menstrual irregularities. Some people with autoimmune thyroid disease may have minimal symptoms initially, making blood testing crucial for early detection.

Question 6

Who is at risk for autoimmune thyroid disease?

Accepted Answer

Women are five to eight times more likely to develop autoimmune thyroid disease than men, especially during pregnancy, postpartum, and menopause when hormonal fluctuations occur. People with a family history of thyroid disease or other autoimmune conditions like type 1 diabetes, celiac disease, or rheumatoid arthritis face increased risk. Other risk factors include age over 60, previous thyroid problems, radiation exposure to the neck or chest, smoking, excessive iodine intake, and certain viral infections. Individuals with chromosomal disorders like Turner syndrome or Down syndrome also have higher rates of autoimmune thyroid disease.

Question 7

What happens if autoimmune thyroid disease is left untreated?

Accepted Answer

Untreated Hashimoto's thyroiditis can lead to severe hypothyroidism, causing heart problems like enlarged heart or heart failure, high cholesterol, infertility, depression, and myxedema coma in extreme cases. Untreated Graves' disease can result in serious complications including irregular heartbeat, stroke, osteoporosis, vision problems or blindness from thyroid eye disease, and thyroid storm, a life-threatening condition with fever and rapid heart rate. Both conditions can significantly impact quality of life, causing persistent fatigue, cognitive difficulties, and emotional instability. Regular monitoring through blood tests and appropriate treatment can prevent these serious complications.

Question 8

Can autoimmune thyroid disease be diagnosed with a blood test?

Accepted Answer

Yes, autoimmune thyroid disease is primarily diagnosed through blood tests that detect specific thyroid antibodies and measure thyroid hormone levels. The Parietal Cell Antibody ELISA test identifies broader autoimmune activity often present in patients with thyroid disease. Thyroid antibody tests measuring TPO antibodies, thyroglobulin antibodies, and TSI antibodies confirm autoimmune attack on the thyroid. TSH, free T4, and free T3 tests assess thyroid function to determine if you have hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. These blood tests are highly accurate and provide definitive diagnosis without invasive procedures, allowing your doctor to develop an appropriate treatment plan.

Question 9

How is autoimmune thyroid disease treated?

Accepted Answer

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is treated with synthetic thyroid hormone replacement medication called levothyroxine, which you take daily to restore normal hormone levels. Graves' disease treatment options include antithyroid medications that reduce hormone production, radioactive iodine therapy that destroys overactive thyroid cells, or surgical removal of part or all of the thyroid gland. Beta-blockers may be prescribed to manage symptoms like rapid heartbeat and tremors while other treatments take effect. Treatment requires regular blood tests to monitor thyroid hormone levels and adjust medication dosages. Most people with autoimmune thyroid disease need lifelong treatment and monitoring to maintain optimal thyroid function.

Question 10

How can I prevent autoimmune thyroid disease?

Accepted Answer

While you cannot completely prevent autoimmune thyroid disease, especially if you have genetic predisposition, you can reduce your risk through certain lifestyle measures. Avoid excessive iodine intake from supplements or seaweed, as too much iodine can trigger thyroid problems. Quit smoking, which increases risk for both Hashimoto's and Graves' disease, particularly thyroid eye disease. Manage stress through relaxation techniques, regular exercise, and adequate sleep, as chronic stress can affect immune function. Maintain a balanced diet rich in selenium and vitamin D, which support thyroid health. Regular checkups and blood tests are important if you have family history or other autoimmune conditions.

Question 11

What natural remedies help with autoimmune thyroid disease?

Accepted Answer

While natural remedies cannot replace prescribed thyroid medication, certain supplements and lifestyle changes may support thyroid health and reduce inflammation. Selenium supplementation has shown promise in reducing thyroid antibody levels in some studies. Vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, and probiotics may help modulate immune function. An anti-inflammatory diet eliminating gluten, processed foods, and excess sugar while emphasizing vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats can reduce autoimmune activity. Stress management through yoga, meditation, or tai chi supports immune system balance. Regular gentle exercise improves energy and mood. Always discuss supplements with your healthcare provider, as some can interfere with thyroid medication absorption or effectiveness.

Question 12

How’s this work?

Accepted Answer

Getting your blood test with us is easy, private & backed by the power of science.Long story short:
            
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                When you’re ready, visit one of our 4,000 locations. Just bring your ID – no printing or faxing of your lab order is needed, as your order and details will already be in the lab system.
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Question 13

How do I know which test to get?

Accepted Answer

In the test options, find the test you want.
            If you’re not sure which test to get, we can lend a hand in finding the right option.
            Just text or call us at 754-799-7833, email us at support@privatemdlabs.com, and we'll gladly help you. We've got your back and reply quickly.

Question 14

When will my lab results be available?

Accepted Answer

Most test results will be available within 1–3 business days. Once they're ready, we'll send an email and text message to let you know.
            After your blood draw, just hang tight and don't worry – we'll keep you updated and in the loop!
            If you have any further questions, please text us at 754-799-7833 or email support@privatemdlabs.com, and we'll gladly help you.

Question 15

Is it possible to make changes to my lab order if I made a mistake with the name, date of birth, or any other details?

Accepted Answer

Absolutely! We totally understand that errors can happen. No worries, we're here to help you.
            Just reach out to us via text at 754-799-7833 or shoot us an email at
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            Our awesome team will jump right in and make sure everything is sorted out and accurate for you.
            There are no changes necessary if your address is wrong on the requisition though. We don’t mail anything out.
            Our lab requires an address to be listed to generate an order.

Question 16

Do you accept health insurance?

Accepted Answer

Only HSA & FSA is accepted.
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            This policy applies to all insurance companies, including federal health insurance programs like Medicare.
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Question 17

Can I cancel my order?

Accepted Answer

Yes.
            We get it – sometimes your needs change.
            As long as your samples haven’t been collected yet, we’re happy to help you cancel your order.
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            You can read more about our cancellation policy here.

Question 18

How can I find a lab location near me?

Accepted Answer

During the ordering process, you’ll be able to select a specific lab near you, with no strings attached!
            You can switch it up later easily and visit any of our authorized locations as long as it’s the same lab company you selected your test for (Quest Diagnostics or Labcorp).
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            If you have any questions, please text us at 754-799-7833 or email support@privatemdlabs.com and we'll gladly help you.

Autoimmune Thyroid Disease Blood Test

What is Autoimmune Thyroid Disease?

What causes autoimmune thyroid disease?

What is the best test for autoimmune thyroid disease?

When should I get tested for autoimmune thyroid disease?

References

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